Boxes, Squares and Other Things

A Teacher's Guide for a Unit in Informal Geometry

Marion I. Walter

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics | 1970 | pdf | 2,6 Mb

on-line: eric.ed.gov

Descrição: This unit describes an experience in informal geometry that is based on work with construction paper and milk cartons. The description is mostly of work actually carried out by children in the elementary grades involving such mathematical concepts as congruence, symmetry, the idea of a geometric transformation, and some basic notions of elementary group theory. The purposes of the unit are (1) to give students experience in visualizing two and three dimensional objects, and (2) to give students opportunity to learn to raise questions, pose problems, and learn to solve them.

On The Study And Difficulties of Mathematics

Augustus De Morgan

on-line: archive.org (The Open Court Publishing Company, 1910)

Kessinger Publishing | 2004 | 300 páginas

Descrição: 1910. Augustus De Morgan was an important innovator in the field of logic. In addition, he made many contributions to the field of mathematics and the chronicling of the history of mathematics. He writes in the Preface that his object has been to notice particularly several points in the principles of algebra and geometry, which have not obtained their due importance in our elementary works on these sciences. Contents: On Arithmetical Notation; Elementary Rules of Arithmetic; Arithmetical Fractions; Decimal Fractions; Algebraical Notation and Principles; Elementary Rules of Algebra; Equations of the First Degree; On the Negative Sign, etc.; Equations of the Second Degree; On Roots in General, and Logarithms; On the Study of Algebra; On the Definitions of Geometry; On Geometrical Reasoning; On Axioms; On Proportion; and Application of Algebra to the Measurement of Lines, Angles, Proportion of Figures and Surfaces. See other titles by this author available from Kessinger Publishing.

The History of the Calculus and Its Conceptual Development

Carl B. Boyer

Dover Publications | 1949 | 368 páginas |

online: archive.org

Fluent description of the development of both the integral and differential calculus. Early beginnings in antiquity, Medieval contributions and a century of anticipation lead up to a consideration of Newton and Leibniz, the period of indecison that followed them, and the final rigorous formulation that we know today.

Literacia Quantitativa

Quantitative literacy. Why literacy matters for schools and colleges.
Proceedings of the National Forum on Quantitative Literacy held at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C. on December 1-2, 2001.
Bernard L. Madison e Lynn Arthur Steen, Editors

National Council on Education and the Disciplines | 2003

on-line: maa.org (em capítulos)
maa.org (o livro num único pdf)

ifile.it (pdf | 3,7 Mb)

Mathematics and democracy. The case for quantitative literacy

Lynn Arthur Steen

The National Council on Education and the Discipline | 2001

on-line: maa.org (em capítulos)
maa.org (o livro num único pdf)

Capítulos:
Preface: Mathematics, Numeracy, and Democracy
Robert Orrill
The Case for Quantitative Literacy
The Quantitative Literacy Design Team
The Emergence of Numeracy
Patricia Cline Cohen
Connecting Mathematics with Reason
Joan L. Richards
Numeracy, Mathematics, and General Education
An Interview with Peter T. Ewell
Reflections on an Impoverished Education
Alan H. Schoenfeld
The Emperor’s Vanishing Clothes
Dan Kennedy
Numerical Common Sense for All
Wade Ellis, Jr.
Mathematics and Numeracy: Mutual Reinforcement
Alfred B. Manaster
Connecting Theory and Practice
An Interview with James H. Stith
Quantitative Literacy for the Next Generation
Zalman Usiskin
Encouraging Progressive Pedagogy
Larry Cuban
Achieving Numeracy:The Challenge of Implementation
Deborah Hughes-Hallett
Setting Greater Expectations for Quantitative Learning
Carol Geary Schneider
Epilogue: Embracing Numeracy
Lynn Arthur Steen

A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities

Marquis de Laplace

Chapman & Hall | 1902 |

on-line: archive.org


Descrição: This classic introduces the concepts and uses of probability theory. It demonstrates, without the use of higher mathematics, the application of probability to games of chance, physics, reliability of witnesses, astronomy, insurance, democratic government, and many other areas. It also shows how scientists can express complex ideas in simple terms.

Games, Gods and Gambling: the Origins and History of Probability and Statistical Ideas From the Earliest Times to the Newtonian Era

F. N David

Hafner Publishing Company | 1962 | 275 páginas | rar - pdf | 7,57 Mb

on-line: dspace.ucalgary.ca


Descrição: The development of gambling techniques led to the beginning of modern statistics, and this absorbing history illustrates the science’s rise with vignettes from the lives of Galileo, Fermat, Pascal, and others. Fascinating allusions to the classics, archaeology, biography, poetry, and fiction endow this volume with universal appeal.